131 U.S. 65
9 S.Ct. 649
33 L.Ed. 86
SPALDING, Collector of Customs,
v.
MANASSE, (two cases.)
SAME
v.
VANACKER, (two cases.)
SAME
v.
YANADA.
SAME
v.
FARWELL et al.
SAME
v.
COHN et al.
May 13, 1889.
Sol. Gen. Jenks and Asst. Atty. Gen. Maury, for plaintiff in error.
Percy L. Shuman, for defendants in error.
FULLER, C. J.
All of these cases were tried by the court without a jury, by agreement of the parties, as alleged in the record; but there is no allegation that the stipulation was in writing, as required by the statute; and, under the ruling in Bond v. Dustin, 112 U. S. 604, 5 Sup. Ct. Rep. 296, and Mortgage Co. v. Hughes, 124 U. S. 157, 8 Sup. Ct. Rep. 377, no error can be examined in the rulings of the court at the trial. We can only inquire whether the declarations were respectively sufficient to sustain the judgments. As there appears to be no error in this regard, the judgments are all, severally, affirmed.