Interim Decision #1268
MATTER OF PIRES DA SILVA
In DEPORTATION Proceedings
A-6949896
Decided by Board February 21,1963
An alien lawfully admitted to the United States for permanent residence, who
subsequently became deportable because of convictions of crimes involving
moral turpitude, is statutorily ineligible for adjustment of status under section 245 of the Immigration and Nationality Act, as amended.
Unedios:
Order: Act of 1952--Section 241(a) (4) [8 'U.S.C. 1251(a) (4)1—Two crimes
after entry—robbery and robbery with violence.
The case comes forward on appeal from the order of the special
inquiry officer dated November 28, 1962, ordering respondent deported
from the United States to Brazil on the charge contained in the order
to show cause or, in the alternative, that he be deported to Portugal.
The record relates to a native and citizen of Portugal, 31 years old,
male, who last entered the United States in May 1955 after a two-day
visit to Canada. He bad previously been lawfully admitted for permanent residence on July 30, 1948.
The respondent was convicted upon his plea of guilty in the Superior
Court, Fairfield County, Connecticut on February 93, 1960 of robbery
committed on April 12, 1959 in violation of section 53-67 of the General Statutes of Connecticut and was sentenced to a term of one year
in the County Jail, the sentence to be suspended at the expiration of
three months and the respondent to be placed on probation for a term
of two years from the date of said suspension. He was next convicted
in the Superior Court, Fairfield County, Connecticut on October 19,
1960 upon his plea of guilty of the offense of robbery with violence
committed on July 26, 1960 in violation of section 53-14, General
Statutes of Connecticut and was sentenced to be confined for a term of
not more than six years nor less than three years in the Connecticut
State Prison at Wethersfield, Connecticut. These crimes involved
moral turpitude and did not arise out of a single scheme of criminal
misconduct. Deportability on the ground charged in the order to
show cause is established.
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The respondent has filed an application for adjustment of status
to that of a permanent resident pursuant to the provisions of section
245 of the Immigration and Nationality Act as amended by section
10 of the Act of July 14, 1960 (Public Law 86-618; 8 U.S.C.A. 1255
(a) (C.A.P.P. 1961), 74 Stat. 505). In conjunction therewith he has,
as provided by 8 CFR 245.1, requested the exercise of the discretion
contained in section 212(g) of the Act as amended September 26, 1961
(8 U.S.C.A. 1182(h), C.A.P.P. 1961) to waive the criminal ground
of inadmissibility arising under section 212(a) (9) because of his convictions as previously set forth. Section 245(a) of the Act as
amended provides that the status of an alien, other than an alien crewman, who was inspected and admitted or paroled into the United States
may be adjusted by the Attorney General, in his discretion under such
regulations as he may prescribe, to that of an alien lawfully admitted
for permanent residence if (1) the alien makes an application for such
adjustment, (2)' the alien is eligible to receive an immigrant visa and
is admissible to the United States for permanent residence, and (3)
an immigrant visa is immediately available to him at the time his application is approved. We shall first address ourselves to the question
of whether section 245 as amended is applicable to the ease of an alien
lawfully admitted for permanent residence who subsequently becomes
deportable because of criminal convictions in the United States.
As originally enacted, section 245 of the Immigration and Nationality Act of June 27, 1952, 8 13SO 1255, provided for the adjustment
of status of aliens lawfully admitted to the United States as bona
fide nonimmigrants who were continuing to maintain that status and
contained certain other limitations upon the classes of those eligible
for such adjustment of status. The amendment of section 245 by the
Act of August 28, 1958 (Public Law 85-700, 72 Stat. 699), dropped
the requirement of maintenance of nonimmigrant status, was available
only to aliens who were admitted as bona fide nonimmigrants and contained certain other limitations such as exclusion of natives of contiguous countries and adjacent islands from the benefits thereof.
The latest amendment to section 245 by Section 10 of the Act of
July 14, 1960 (
Public Law 86-648, H.J. Res. 397,
74 Stat. 504) simply
provides that "the status of an. alien, other than an alien crewman,
who was inspected and admitted or paroled into the United States
may be adjusted by the Attorney General, in his discretion and under
such regulations as he may prescribe, to that of an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence …." The elimination of the specific restriction to nonimmigrants contained in prior enactments of
section 245 is not explained insofar as can be ascertained by reference
to the legislative history. The only reference to the amendment,
which was originally a part of House bill H.R. 9385 and was corn-
-
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biped with House Joint Resolution 397, is a statement that section 10
of the Joint Resolution as amended would amend the existing section
245 ( a) of the Immigration and Nationality Act which authorizes the
Attorney General under certain circumstances to adjust the status of
an alien who was admitted to the United States as a "bona fide" nonimmigrant to that of an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence; and that under the proposed amendment to section 245(a) the
procedure for the adjustment of the immigrant status of aliens to that
of aliens lawfully admitted for permanent residence would be broadened so as to include all aliens (other than alien crewmen) who have
been inspected and admitted or who have been paroled into the United
States, thereby providing considerably more flexibility in the administration of the law.1 It was additionally commented that the necessity of the amendment arose from a decision rendered by the Attorney
General (41 Op. A.G. No. 77) on November 20, 1959 which Congress
feared would necessitate the reinstatement of the fallacious procedure
known as "preexamination" and would greatly increase the number of
private.bills. It was explained that the wording of the amendment is
such as not to grant eligibility for adjustment of status to alien crewmen and to aliens who entered the United States surreptitiously; that
the amendment does not change in any way the qualitative and quantitative requirements of the basic immigration laws and does not give
any alien any benefit which was not available to him under the Immigration and Nationality Act. 2
The legislative history fails to reveal any discussion as to the
nature of the "considerably more flexibility in the administration of
the law" referred to above in connection with the enactment of the
proposed amendment. It is believed, however, that the reference
to bona fide nonimmigrants in the prior Act contrasted with "all
aliens (other than alien crewmen) inspected and admitted or paroled"
in the new amendment supplies the clue to the conclusion that the
amendment applies to nonimmigrants, as will be more fully set forth
below. It is noted that the far more rigorous requirements for adjustment of status of those who subsequently became deportable upon
qualitative grounds prescribed by section 244(a) (5) were retained
and, in fact, were subsequently reenacted in streamlined or simplified
version by the Act of October 24, 1962 (Public Law 87-885, 76 Stet.
1247). It is likewise noted that section 245 of the Immigration and
Nationality Aet as amended, 8 U.S.C. 1265 (C.A.P.P. 1961), still
1 2 MS. Code Congressional et Adm. News (1960, 86th Cong., 2d Sees.) 3147;
Senate Report No. 1651 (86th Cong., 2d Seas.).
2 U.S. Code Congressicrnal iE Adm. News, 3187 3138.
-
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retains its position under the heading "Adjustment of status of nonimmigrant to that of person admitted for permanent residence". It
is believed that the change in language may have been motivated by a
series of Service decisions in which the bona fides of the nonimmigrant
status of the aliens were questioned and resulted in holdings that
aliens, who were not actually bona fide nonimmigrants and were in
fact immigrants, were not eligible for adjustment of status .° The
elimination of the necessity of examining into the bona fides of the
nonimmigrant status of persons who were inspected and admitted as
nonimmigrants would provide the greater flexibility in the administration of the law referred to in the legislative history.
The legislative history also restated with approval comments made
in sonnet:tan with the enactment of the amendatory Act of August 21,
1958 (H.R. 2183, 85th Cong.) in which it was stated that in conformity wtih the existing statutes, the language of the bill has been
drawn so as to permit its application to the cases arising thereunder
pursuant to all the discretionary powers of the Attorney General to
waive or grant exemptions from the grounds of exclusion relating to
aliens seeking immigrant visas including, but not limited to the
Attorney General's power under the Act of September 11,1957'.4 Provision was made in the pertinent regulations, 8 CFR 245.1, as amended,
to permit application in conjunction with section 245 for the exercise
of discretion under sections 212 (f), (g) and (h) of the Act, as
amended September 26, 1961 insofar as they relate to the excludability.
of an alien in the United States. These sections set forth grounds of
excludability contained in section 212(a) of the Immigration and
Nationality Act and refer to preexisting grounds of inadmissibility in
the case of an applicant for a visa or for admission.
The Attorney General has stated after reviewing the history of
section 245 prior to the amendment of July 11, 1960, it seems clear
that section 245 was intended to perform no other function than to
permit nonimmigrants to obtain permanent resident status without
leaving the United States .° There is no indication that the amendatory language embodied in section 10 of the Act of July 14, 1960 was
intended to serve as a substitute for the provisions of section 244(a)
(5) or section 244(a) (2) as amended by the Act of October 24, 1962.
A change so radical as to make section 245 apply to aliens lawfully
admitted as immigrants as well as nonimmigrants would surely have
been the subject of legislative comment.
'Matter of B—, 8 & N. Dee. 621; Matter of G—, 8 I. & N. Dec. 636; Matter
of A—, 8 L & N. Dec. 655; Matter of F—,
8 I. & N. Dec. 680.
4a U.s Code atm.,. 4 dam. Neive (88th Gang., 2d seas., 1060) 3137.
6 Matter of Int. Dec. No. 1190 (A.G., January 22, 1962).
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An analogy may be drawn to the adjustment of status permitted
under section 249 of the Immigration and Nationality Act which
permits adjustment of status to those aliens who entered the United
States prior to June 28, 1940 and met certain other requirements. Two
aliens, of whom records of lawful admission existed, who subsequently
became deportable after entry under section 241(a) (4), sought to have
their status adjusted under the provisions of section 249 of the 1952
Act, as amended, in conjunction with an application for a waiver of
excludability under section 212 (g) of the Immigration and Nationality Act. It was held that the aliens' records of lawful admission for
permanent residence had not been vitiated by the fact that the respondents had been subsequently found deportable on criminal grounds
which arose subsequent to their entry into the United States. 6
For the reasons already set forth at length, it is concluded that this
respondent, who was lawfully admitted to the United States for
permanent residence in possession of an immigrant visa, who has
become deportable because of convictions for crimes involving moral
turpitude committed in the United States subsequent to his lawful
entry for permanent residence, has nevertheless not lost his status as
a permanent resident and is not statutorily eligible for adjustment of
status to that of a permanent resident under the provisions of section
:145 of the Immigration and Nationality Act. Upon this basis alone,
the appeal should be dismissed.
However, even if the respondent were to be considered statutorily
eligible for adjustment of status pursuant to section 245 of the Immigration and Nationality Act, as a matter of discretion his application
should be denied. On April 12, 1959 and October 19, 1960 he committed the crimes of robbery and robbery with violence and at the time
his last hearing on September 25, 1962 was serving a sentence of three
to six years on the second conviction. Respondent married a citizen
of the United States on April 30, 1955 but separated shortly thereafter.
They were reconciled and a child was born to them on October 3, 1957
but the respondent again separated from his family when the child
was approximately nine months old and thereafter failed to support
them. His wife charged him with nonsupport and on July 19, 1958
he was sentenced to imprisonment for a period of three months on that
charge, sentence was suspended and he was ordered to pay $35 a week
for the support of his wife and child but sent only a few checks. He
has not contributed to her support or to the support. of their child at
any time during 1959 or thereafter. The wife received workmen's
Matter of M—P—, Int. Dec. No. 1228, aff'd Moldanada v. Rosenberg (Civ. No.
62-1123-K), S.D. Cal. (December 26, 1962); Matter of Preziado-Castillo. Inn
Dec. No. 1230.
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compensation for injuries suffered to her hand but is now being
supported by State welfare authorities and resides with her sister.
Good moral character is a factor to be considered in determining
whether the Attorney General's discretion should be exercised in a
given case. In order to warrant the favorable exercise of discretion,
good moral character must exist for a reasonable period of time? In
view of the recency of the respondent's crimes and his present incarceration, as well as his separation from his wife and child and failure to
support them in the past, leaving them dependent upon welfare
authorities for their support, it is believed that the case is not one
meriting the exercise of discretion.
ORDER: It is ordered that the appeal be and the same is hereby
dismissed
Matter of Francois, A-12193870, Int. Dec. No. 1263 Jan. 17, 1963; Matter of
P—, 8 I. & N. Dec. 167; Matter of W—, Int. Dec. No. 1088; Scomairi v.
zeoemborg, Boa F.2a. 593 (9th Cir_, 1962), eert. den.
289 U.S. 288: Braun -Vega v.
Eepordy, 62 Civ. 2487 (S.D.N.Y., November 9, 1962)
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