star-pagination">*Page 52 and caused the same to be served upon Robinson, a practicing attorney in the City and County of Denver, with a copy of an amended complaint, which the plaintiff filed in lieu of his original complaint, together with the bill of particulars which, under the court's order, he was given leave to file. Defendant Robinson, appearing specially, moved to quash the alias summons and service thereof on him on the ground that no order of court had been entered permitting him to be made a party defendant and that no showing of the necessity of making him such a party ever had been made to the court. The court sustained this motion and on the record as here presented we hold that the ruling was right.

Hereafter in this opinion it should be understood that reference to the term "defendants" includes all defendants other than L. B. Johnson and Percy A. Robinson.

In the disposition we make of this case no good purpose would be served by setting forth at length the various charges made in plaintiff's amended complaint, which, with the exhibits attached thereto, make up some 76 folios of the bill of exceptions. Suffice it to say, that serious charges are made against the defendants, who were public officials, as to their personal and official conduct and against the other defendants who were not public officials as to their conduct in a certain criminal proceeding in which they testified as witnesses. That proceeding was one in which plaintiff was indicted and tried in the federal district court for an alleged violation of the bankruptcy law by transferring certain assets of a bankrupt corporation of which he was at the time president and in control, to himself and his wife, fraudulently and feloniously, and in contemplation of bankruptcy. Defendant was found guilty by a jury but not sentenced, and as he charges, through a conspiracy between defendants, denied bail, placed on probation, without his applying for probation, sent twice to the psychopathic hospital for examination as to his sanity, his probation later revoked, and finally after the Circuit *Page 53 Court of Appeals refused to review his case because there had been no final judgment by pronouncement of sentence, and while the case was pending on certiorari to the Federal Supreme Court, a pardon was secured for him from the President of the United States.

To the complaint as amended defendants directed a motion to require it to be made more specific and certain. The court sustained the motion and plaintiff filed a bill of particulars in which he attempted to point out wherein certain of the information called for was contained in the amended complaint; and in which he gave some part of the information required; but in which he failed to give a considerable amount of other information called for under the order. Defendants moved to strike the bill of particulars and for judgment against plaintiff for failure to comply with the court's rule. Both motions were sustained and a judgment of dismissal entered with costs against plaintiff. Plaintiff then orally moved the court for leave to file an amended complaint in a further attempt to comply with the court's order and such motion was denied.

The following appears in the record:

"The Court. I deny that privilege on the ground, that I am satisfied as the records stand he is not entitled to do that, and besides that he has pleaded everything he could plead, and say everything you will, the different officials would still be working in their official capacity, and it would so appear. The court denies that application. * * *

"The Court. All you can do is to reserve exceptions and objections to the rulings of the court, and then you have the legal right to take it to the Supreme Court if you wish to.

"Mr. Viles. All right, I would like to reserve that exception to each and all adverse rulings of the court.

"The Court. It is so ordered."

No assignment of error is made as to this matter.

[3] In view of the fact that the plaintiff is a layman, *Page 54 appeared without counsel, and clearly is not thoroughly familiar with legal procedure, we deem it advisable to apply rule 35 of this court which is as follows: "Counsel will be confined to a discussion of the errors stated, but the court may, in its discretion, notice any other error appearing of record."

[4, 5] All of the defendants were not public officials. It does not appear whether certain acts charged to those who were such officials were pursuant to orders entered or without such orders. Where charges contained in a complaint such as this are so serious as to elicit from defendants a statement that the pleading is a "studied attempt at scandal and vilification," it is desirable from the standpoint of both plaintiff and defendants that the facts upon which such charges are based be clearly and specifically set forth. In the exercise of a sound discretion we think the court, under the circumstances, should have given the plaintiff leave to again attempt to comply with its order as to matters clearly within his knowledge, as, for example, the fact as to whether he or his wife took goods from either of the two corporations adjudged bankrupt and as to matters clearly ascertainable by him, such as the existence or nonexistence of certain court orders, and their purport if existent. The court should have compelled plaintiff to set out such matters in the pleadings.

In making this holding we are not determining whether or not plaintiff's complaint states a cause of action against any of the defendants or whether, out of the situation existing, a cause of action can be stated against any of such defendants. That no cause of action can be stated against any of them does not follow from the facts disclosed by the complaint; therefore such question was not before the trial judge when he assumed to decide it, and it is not now before us. The court indicated that in his first view of the matter he was of the opinion that all of the facts should be set up so that if desired the question then could be determined on demurrer. We *Page 55 think this would have been the proper procedure under the circumstances.

The judgment, in so far as it quashed the service of summons as to defendants L. B. Johnson and Percy A. Robinson is affirmed. In all other respects it is reversed and the cause remanded for further proceedings not inconsistent with the views herein expressed.

MR. JUSTICE BOUCK dissents.

MR. JUSTICE BAKKE and MR. JUSTICE KNOUS not participating.

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