Sanchez v. Alvarado’s Empirical Analysis
101 F.3d 223 · 1996
Citation profile
25 federal appellate · 184 district ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 234 later decisions — most recently February 2025 · most notably Nilsa Santiago-Ramos v. Centennial Pr Wireless Corp (2000), Serrano-Cruz v. DFI Puerto Rico, Inc. (1997)
25 federal appellate · 184 district ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act))
Relies on Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc. · Lipsett v. University of Puerto Rico · Gutierrez-Rodriguez v. Cartagena · United States v. Plat 20, Lot 17 · Nereida-Gonzalez v. Tirado-Delgado
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 234 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“Facts are material when they have the 'potential to affect the outcome of the suit under the applicable law.'”
33 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“there is no genuine dispute as to any material fact and the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law.”
14 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[A] supervisor: can be held liable ... if (1) the behavior of [his] subordinates results in a constitutional violation, and (2) the [supervisor]’s action or inaction was ‘affirmativeRy] link[ed]’ to that behavior in that it could be characterized as ‘supervisory encouragement, condonation or acquiescence’ or ‘gross negligence amounting to deliberate indifference.’ Moreover, the indifference required to support supervisory liability under section 1983 must be “deliberate, reckless or callous.” Thus, the ‘affirmative link’ required between the action or inaction of a supervisor and the behavior of subordinates ‘contemplates proof that the supervisor’s conduct led inexorably to the constitutional violation.’”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.