United States v. NJB’s Empirical Analysis
104 F.3d 630 · 1997
Citation profile
16 federal appellate ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 28 later decisions — most recently October 2022 · most notably United States v. Barrett (2007), United States v. Jarrett (1998)
16 federal appellate ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 2119 · 18 U.S.C. § 5032 · 18 U.S.C. § 924 · 21 U.S.C. § 848 (§ 408 of the Controlled Substances Act)
Relies on Garrett v. United States · Trident Associates Ltd. Partnership v. Metropolitan Life Insurance Co. · United States v. Wong · United States v. McCullah · In re Victor B.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 28 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“The sheer number of states that do not hold juveniles criminally “guilty” for crimes renders [David A.’s proffered] construction of § 5032 [that it applies only to criminal convictions and not to juvenile delinquency adjudications] unworkable. It seems very unlikely that Congress would create a special statute permitting the Government to treat juvenile offenders as adults in federal court and then except from the statute’s reach a number of juvenile offenders solely because state law denominates their prior delinquency determinations as “adjudications” rather than “convic tions.” [The proffered] construction of the statute leads to an anomalous result: juvenile offenders accused of the same crime, and with identical previous criminal records, would be treated differently under federal law depending on whether the juvenile’s previous crimes occurred in a state that “convicts” juvenile offenders, or one that “adjudicates” them delinquent. That could not have been Congress’ intent.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority““In many respects, determination of whether a young offender is to be treated as a juvenile or an adult and of the appropriate disposition of juveniles adjudicated delinquent depends on the nature of the juvenile’s prior record. Too often, however, juvenile proceedings are undertaken without benefit of such information. This new paragraph stresses that these records be obtained beforehand whenever possible. The Committee intends, however, that this new provision’s requirements are to be understood in the context of a standard of reasonableness.””
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“While the language of th[is] record certification provision of § 5032 is amenable to a strict interpretation, most courts have read the records certification provision to require only good faith efforts by the government to provide the court with documentation of a juvenile’s prior record (or to the effect that no such record exists or is available).”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.