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105 Cal. App. 2d 612

People v. Young

California Court of Appeal

Decided July 24, 1951

California Court of Appeal · decided 1951-07-24

Key passage — most relied on by later courts

““(e) Except in unusual cases where the interests of justice would best be served if the person is granted probation, probation shall not be granted to any of the following persons: “(1) Unless the person had a lawful right to carry a deadly weapon, other than a firearm, at the time of the perpetration of the crime or his arrest, any person who has been convicted of arson, robbery, burglary, burglary with explosives, rape with force or violence, murder, assault with intent to commit murder, attempt to commit murder, trainwrecking, kidnapping, escape from the state prison, or a conspiracy to commit one or more of such crimes and was armed with such weapon at either of such times. “(2) Any person who used or attempted to use a deadly weapon upon a human being in connection with the perpetration of the crime of which he or she has been convicted.””

quoted by 1 later decision, including 153 Cal. App. 3d 79 - People v. Spears

““The Court: Well, I don’t have any discretion in the matter. If under the law I was given a discretion, I might be able to consider that. But where the facts show in the information it alleges at the time of the commission of the offense he was armed with a deadly weapon, and the supplemental report shows at the time they were arrested those revolvers were loaded. I don’t have any discretion in the matter. [Counsel:] If your Honor please, this is a second degree. The Court : But I mean the facts are still the facts which cannot be overlooked. It will be the order of the Court that probation in this matter will be denied and the defendant will be sentenced to the State Penitentiary for the term prescribed by law. . . . The Court finds it was a dangerous and deadly weapon and it was loaded at the time of the offense.””

quoted by 1 later decision, including People v. Hollis

Relies on 87 Cal. App. 482 - People v. Jones · 134 Cal. App. 646 - People v. Simpson · 103 Cal. App. 165 - People v. Freithofer

Good law ✅— No negative treatment on recordhow we know

Decided 1951-07-24

How this case has been cited

Cited by 24 later decisions — most recently March 1984

24 state decisions

1001951196019701980decided

Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.

View the full empirical analysis of this case →

VAN DYKE, J.

¶1 Appellant was informed against by the District Attorney of Stanislaus County for the crime of robbery in the felonious and forcible taking from the presence of Johanna Reyes of a radio, and it was further charged that at the time of the commission of the offense he was armed with a deadly weapon, to wit, a .22-caliber rifle. Upon trial he was found guilty as charged and the jury fixed the offense as robbery of the first degree. Application was made for *613 probation and the same was denied, but in this connection it fairly appears from the record that the denial was based upon a holding by the trial court that under the provisions of section 1203 of the Penal Code it lacked jurisdiction to grant probation. Appellant was sentenced for the term prescribed by law and from this judgment, from the order denying new trial and from the order denying probation he has appealed.

¶2 The facts are as follows: About 9 p. m. on July 14, 1950, appellant and a companion went to the home of Mrs. Eeyes. When she asked what they wanted, appellant, who then had in his hand a .22-ealiber rifle which contained a number of cartridges in the magazine, stated to her that it was a stick-up. The testimony of Mrs. Eeyes was that appellant “was holding it [the gun] with both hands on it, just about like you have it, only at the door he pointed it just a little bit towards me. Q. He pointed it towards you? A. Yes sir.” The men entered the house and appellant’s companion did the talking. He demanded money and when told there was none, asked where the safe was. When told there was no safe, he walked with Mrs. Eeyes to where her purse was placed, but obtained no money therefrom. The men then left but as they left, defendant, who carried the gun at all times, took a table radio with him.

¶3 On the appeal from the judgment and from the order denying new trial appellant contends only that the evidence is without conflict that because of intoxication he could not have possessed the necessary intent for the commission of the crime charged. That is not the state of the record. His intoxication, if it existed, was voluntary and there is sufficient evidence in the record to sustain a finding by the jury that he was not intoxicated at all. There is no merit to this contention.

¶4 With respect to the appeal from the order denying probation it has often been determined that no appeal lies from such order. But it has also been held that where the denial of probation is for lack of jurisdiction the order may be reviewed on appeal from the judgment. (People v. Jones, 87 Cal.App. 482 [262 P. 361] ; People v. Freithofer, 103 Cal.App. 165 [284 P. 484].) We shall so treat it, for that such is the situation presented here is not in dispute. This is manifest from the remarks of the trial judge that he was basing his refusal to consider an application for probation and his denial thereof “solely upon the court’s construction of Section 1203 [Penal Code], which in the court’s opinion rendered him [appellant] ineligible as a matter of law to receive proba *614 tion.’’ The court continued: “I will base it upon that ground, so that in the event the court has committed error in that, that error may be corrected upon an appeal. ’ ’

¶5 The code section referred to provides that “probation shall not be granted to any defendant who shall have been convicted of robbery, . . . and who at the time of the perpetration of said crime . . . was himself armed with a deadly weapon (unless at the time he had a lawful right to carry the same), nor to a defendant who used or attempted to use a deadly weapon upon a human being in connection with the perpetration of the crime of which he was convicted. ’ ’ We may assume, without deciding, that defendant had a lawful right to carry the rifle, for we are satisfied that he was ineligible for probation because he used the gun upon Mrs. Reyes in connection with the perpetration of the robbery. The gun in the condition and under the circumstances prevalent here was a deadly weapon. It contained cartridges in the magazine. These cartridges could be chamberéd and fired almost instantly. It therefore constituted a deadly weapon. (People v. Simpson, 134 Cal.App. 646, 647, 650 [25 P.2d 1008].) There can be no question but that the appellant used this deadly weapon in the perpetration of the crime and the only remaining argument is that he did not, within the meaning of the statute, use the same “upon a human being.” However, when he presented himself with his companion at the doorway of the home of Mrs. Reyes, cradling the weapon in his arms in a position for ready use and said to her, “This is a stickup” he used the weapon upon her. One of the common meanings of the word “upon” is ¡“against,” particularly with relation to another person. Webster’s International Dictionary gives the following definition: “Against (one), as in vengeance.” Putting it another way, we do not think the statute means that in order to have used the rifle upon Mrs. Reyes the defendant would have had to either strike her or shoot her. We hold that the trial court correctly determined the question before it and that the appellant was not eligible for probation.

¶6 The judgment and the order denying new trial are affirmed. The purported appeal from the order denying probation is dismissed.

¶7 Adams, P. J., and Peek, J., concurred.

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