Bias v. State’s Empirical Analysis
1989
Citation profile
22 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 22 later decisions — most recently November 2025
22 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Stovall v. Denno · Johnson v. United States · Wilkins v. State · Banks v. State · Jones v. State
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 22 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“(1) whether the procedure is unnecessarily suggestive, and (2) if so, whether, under all the circumstances, the identification is reliable despite an unnecessarily suggestive identification procedure.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“that this show-up procedure was unnecessarily suggestive because there were no countervailing policy considerations to justify it.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Johnson v. State“Nevada case law concerning pre-trial identification is governed by the standard of Stovall v. Denno, 388 U.S. 293 (1967)”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.