Gaines v. Runyon’s Empirical Analysis
1997
Citation profile
5 federal appellate · 5 district · 2 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 58 later decisions — most recently January 2024 · most notably DiCarlo v. Potter (2004), Higgins v. New Balance Athletic Shoe, Inc. (1999)
5 federal appellate · 5 district · 2 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 29 U.S.C. § 701 (Employment Opportunities for Individuals With Disabilities Act) · 29 U.S.C. § 791 · 29 U.S.C. § 794
Relies on Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc. · Celotex Corporation v. Catrett H · First Nat. Bank of Ariz. v. Cities Service Co. · Raphan v. United States · Zerman v. Melton
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 58 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[if] the plaintiff fails to establish a prima facie case, it is unnecessary to address the question of reasonable accommodation.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[one] who, with or without reasonable accommodation, can perform the essential functions of the position in question without endangering the health and safety of the individual or others . . . .”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.