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107 Ky. 160

Commonwealth v. Glass

Court of Appeals of Kentucky

Decided October 24, 1899

Court of Appeals of Kentucky · decided 1899-10-24

Case 30 — INDICTMENT— APPEAL FROM THE OWEN CIRCUIT COURT. 1, The Criminal Code — so far as it directs the names of the witnesses to be written on the indictment — is directory. 2. If such provision be mandatory, it is not to be construed to include immaterial witnesses. Citations: Criminal Code, sec. 120; State v. Hollinsmitb, 100 N. C., 535; Wyoming v. Amison, 1 Wy., 20; 1 Texas, 142; Am. & Eng. Ency. of Law, vol. 10, p. 501; 17 Ky. Law Rep., 186.

Cited by 3 later decisions — most recently December 1955

3 state decisions

Key passage — most relied on by later courts

““This provision of the Code is certainly an important one, and when there is no attempt to comply with it, we do not doubt a quashal of the indictment ought to follow a motion to that effect if made before plea. This seems to have been decided in Sutton v. Commonwealth, 97 Ky., 314 . ””

quoted by 1 later decision, including Slaughter v. Commonwealth

Good law ✅— No negative treatment on recordhow we know

Decided 1899-10-24

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CH'IEE JUSTICE HAZELRIGG

¶1delivered the opinion op the court.

¶2The indictment in this case was dismissed because the name of one Eastland was not endorsed thereon, although, as appears from his affidavit, he appeared before the grand jury and testified “to such facts as he knew in regard to the matter alleged in the indictment.”

¶3Whether the alleged witness in fact knew anything about the transaction out of which this prosecution grew, or anything at all material to the case, does not appear. It does appear that the names of some six or eight witnesses were indorsed on the indictment. The order of cpxashal was made because of section 120, Criminal Code, which provides • that “when an indictment is found, the names of all the witnesses who were examined must be written at the foot of, or on the indictment.”

¶4This provision is certainly an important one, and, when there is no attempt to comply with it, we do not doubt a quashal of the indictment ought to follow a motion to that effect, if made before plea. This seems to have been decided in Sutton v. Com., 97 Ky., 314, [30 S. W., 661].

¶5But where the name of a witness has been omitted from oversight, or from the fact that he is not regarded as a material witness, it seems to us it would be highly techni*162cal to say that the provision quoted required the indictment to be set aside. If such an omission occurs for the reasons we have indicated, and the names of other witnesses in the case appear on the indictment, we should think there has been a substantial compliance with the law. As far as may be possible in the nature of things, the defendant is entitled to have the names of all the witnesses who have testified before the grand jury, and who are also expected to testify against him on his trial, indorsed on the indictment. But it often happens that important witnesses can not be gotten before the grand jury, or are discovered subsequently. The practice is well settled that such witnesses may be used on the trial, even if they do not appear before the grand jury, and even if their names do not appear so indorsed.

¶6To regard the section of the Code as mandatory, as seems to have been done in the . Sutton case, does not require us to give it an unreasonable or highly technical construction. In the present case the testimony of East-land before the grand jury was regarded so unimportant that his name was not furnished to the prosecuting attorney.

¶7The judgment quashing the indictment is reversed, and the cause remanded for proceedings consistent herewith.

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