107 Wash. 2d 1 - State v. Kennedy’s Empirical Analysis
1986
Citation profile
257 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 257 later decisions — most recently May 2025 · most notably 123 Wash. 2d 173 - State v. Young (1994), State v. Lamme (1990)
257 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Terry v. Ohio · Wong Sun v. United States · Aguilar v. Texas · Payton v. New York · Coolidge v. New Hampshire
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 257 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“a substantial possibility that criminal conduct has occurred or is about to occur.”
19 later decisions quote this exact passage“point to specific and articulable facts which, taken together with rational inferences from those facts, reasonably warrant that intrusion.”
14 later decisions quote this exact passage“This means that the officer may search for weapons within the investigatee's immediate control. We also recognize that such a limited search applies to any companion in the car because that person presents a similar danger to the approaching officer. The front seat of the car is in the immediate control of a passenger seated next to the driver. Consequently, a search in that area to discover whether the suspect's furtive gesture hid a weapon under the front seat is similar to a Terry frisk where an officer may frisk a suspect to protect himself from danger.”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.