Public-domain · open source
OpenJurist

109 Mo. 645

State v. Montgomery

Supreme Court of Missouri

Decided October 15, 1891

Supreme Court of Missouri · decided 1891-10-15

— Hon. M. Oliver, Judge. (1) Revised Statutes, 1889, section 3530, enumerates several distinct offenses which cannot he charged in one count. (2) The indictment is insufficient as one charging an attempt to commit the crime of robbery. The indictment is sufficient. R. S., sec. 3940; State v. Hayes, 78 Mo. 307; State v. Mills, 88 Mo. 417; State v. Frcmh, 103 Mo. 110; 2 Bishop on Criminal Procedure, secs. 86-93.

Relies on State v. Fancher · State v. Murphy · State v. Pittman

Good law ✅— No negative treatment on recordhow we know

Affirmed · Decided 1891-10-15

How this case has been cited

Cited by 7 later decisions — most recently September 1993

7 state decisions

2018911900191019201930194019501960197019801990decided

Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.

View the full empirical analysis of this case →

Thomas, J.

¶1The defendant was convicted of an attempt to commit robbery, and was sentenced to imprisonment in the penitentiary therefor for two years by the criminal court of Greene county in August, 1891, and he appealed.

¶2The only point insisted upon by appellant for a reversal of the judgment is the insufficiency of the indictment.

¶3The defendant in his brief says: “The indictment is for an attempt to rob. In an indictment for an attempt, the attempted offense must be set out as though the indictment were for the commission of the offense. Section 3230, Revised Statutes, 1889, on which the indictment in this case is bottomed, sets forth four separate and distinct felonies, either of which constitutes robbery in the first degree. First. Every person who shall feloniously take the property of another from his person by violence to his person. Second. Every person who shall feloniously take the property of another in his presence and against his will by violence to his person. Third. Every person who shall feloniously take the property of another from his person by putting in fear of some immediate injury to his person. Fourth. Every person who shall feloniously take the property of another in his presence, and against his will, by putting in fear of some immediate injury to his person.

¶4*647All these cannot be charged in one count. Each one constitutes a separate and distinct offense. There is but one count in this indictment. Which one of the four offenses does it charge? Or does it not attempt to charge them all in one count?”

¶5We think this is not the true exposition of the statute. The section cited does not define four distinct felonies, but defines one felony only, which maybe committed by several methods. When a crime may be committed by several methods the indictment may charge that it was committed by all, provided the different methods are not inconsistent with or repugnant to each other. State v. Murphy, 47 Mo. 274; State v. Fancher, 71 Mo. 460; State v. Pittman, 76 Mo. 56; State v. Bregara, 76 Mo. 322; State v. Fitzsimmons, 30 Mo. 236; Kelley’s Criminal Law & Practice, sec. 186; 10 American & English Encyclopedia of Law, 599&, 599c, 599d.

¶6Stripped of its verbosity, the indictment in this case charges that the defendant and Ben Montgomery attempted to. commit the crime of robbery, by attempting to take by force $170 belonging to George C. Milburn, in the latter’s presence, from his- person, by violence to his person, and by putting him in fear of some immediate injury to his person. These averments are not repugnant to, but perfectly consistent with, each other.

¶7Section 3940, Revised Statutes, 1889, provides that “Every person who shall attempt to commit an offense prohibited by law, and in such attempt shall do any act toward the commission of such offense but shall fail in the perpetration thereof or shall be prevented or intercepted in executing the same,” shall be guilty of a crime.

¶8The indictment in this case after making the aver- ■ ments above set out charges that defendant and Ben *648Montgomery, in the attempt towards the commission of the crime of robbery, went to the dwelling-house of said Milburn, armed with a pistol and ax, broke down the door, fired the pistol into the house and demanded of said Milburn the said money or they would kill him, but that they failed in such attempt by being frightened away by said “Milburn hallooing murder,” and that they were “intercepted and prevented in the execution of the same.”

¶9This is a sufficient averment of the doing of an act toward the commission of a crime in an attempt to commit it.

¶10Other objections to the indictment are urged by defendant but we think they are verbal criticisms merely of the phraseology used, and do not amount to serious defects in the essential and substantial averments of the crime. The judgment is affirmed.

All concur.
/109/mo/645 · .json · Public domain