Howard v. Carusi’s Empirical Analysis
109 U.S. 725 · 1884
Citation profile
6 federal appellate · 54 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 78 later decisions (5 by the Supreme Court) — most recently September 1977 · most notably Potter v. Couch (1891), Mulvane v. Rude (1896)
6 federal appellate · 54 state decisions — followed in 18 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Ide v. Ide · Hess v. Singler · Gifford v. Choate · Executors of Moffat v. Strong
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 78 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
““Whenever the objects of the supposed recommendatory trust are not certain or definite,' whenever the property to which it is to attach is not certain or definite, whenever a clear discretion or choice to act or not to act is given, whenever the prior dispositions of the property import absolute and uncontrollable ownership, in all such cases courts of equity will not create a trust from words of this character. ’ ’”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority““To be held, used and enjoyed by him, his heirs, executors, administrators and assigns forever, with the hope and trust, however, that he will not diminish the same to a greater extent than may be necessary for his comfortable support and maintenance, and that at his death, the same, or so much thereof as he shall not have disposed of by devise or sale, shall descend to my three beloved nieces ” &c.,”
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. McClellan v. Larchar
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.