11 U.S.C. § 1324
Section 1324 · Confirmation hearing
Amended 4 times on record
Applied in 165 court decisions — leading case United States v. Estus (1982)
Most recently applied in In Re: Soussis (May 2025)
Cases citing this section usually also cite 11 U.S.C. § 1325 · 11 U.S.C. § 1322 · 11 U.S.C. § 1327
How often courts cite this section
Court decisions citing this, by year.Markers show enactment, consequential amendments, and circuit splits over this section — watch for a citation surge after a change or a disagreement. The dip in the last several years is a data-coverage gap, not a real trend — our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so recent citations are undercounted.
(a) Except as provided in subsection (b) and after notice, the court shall hold a hearing on confirmation of the plan. A party in interest may object to confirmation of the plan.
(b) The hearing on confirmation of the plan may be held not earlier than 20 days and not later than 45 days after the date of the meeting of creditors under section 341(a), unless the court determines that it would be in the best interests of the creditors and the estate to hold such hearing at an earlier date and there is no objection to such earlier date.
Editorial notes U.S. Code · Office of the Law Revision Counsel
Historical and Revision Notes
Any party in interest may object to the confirmation of a plan, as distinguished from merely rejecting a plan. An objection to confirmation is predicated on failure of the plan or the procedures employed prior to confirmation to conform with the requirements of chapter 13. The bankruptcy judge is required to provide notice and an opportunity for hearing any such objection to confirmation.
Amendments
2005—Pub. L. 109–8 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a), substituted “Except as provided in subsection (b) and after” for “After”, and added subsec. (b).
1986—Pub. L. 99–554 struck out “the” after “object to”.
1984—Pub. L. 98–353 struck out “the” before “confirmation of the plan”.
Effective Date of 2005 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 109–8 effective 180 days after Apr. 20, 2005, and not applicable with respect to cases commenced under this title before such effective date, except as otherwise provided, see section 1501 of Pub. L. 109–8, set out as a note under section 101 of this title.
Effective Date of 1986 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 99–554 effective 30 days after Oct. 27, 1986, see section 302(a) of Pub. L. 99–554, set out as a note under section 581 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.
Effective Date of 1984 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 98–353 effective with respect to cases filed 90 days after July 10, 1984, see section 552(a) of Pub. L. 98–353, set out as a note under section 101 of this title.