Bown v. Gwinnett County School District’s Empirical Analysis
112 F.3d 1464 · 1997
Citation profile
16 federal appellate · 1 district · 1 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 27 later decisions — most recently October 2010 · most notably Holloman ex rel. Holloman v. Harland (2004), Croft v. Governor of Texas (2009)
16 federal appellate · 1 district · 1 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Lemon v. Kurtzman · Everson v. Board of Education · Lynch v. Donnelly · County of Allegheny v. American Civil Liberties Union · Wallace v. Jaffree
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 27 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“(a) In each public school classroom, the teacher in charge shall, at the opening of school upon every school day, conduct a brief period of quiet reflection for not more than 60 seconds with the participation of all the pupils therein assembled. (b) The moment of quiet reflection authorized by subsection (a) of this Code section is not intended to be and shall not be conducted as a religious service or exercise but shall be considered as an opportunity for a moment of silent reflection on the anticipated activities of the day. (c) The provisions of subsections (a) and (b) of this Code section shall not prevent student initiated voluntary school prayers at schools or school related events which are nonsectarian and nonprosely-tizing in nature.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“moment of quiet reflection... is not intended to be and shall not be conducted as a religious service or exercise but shall be conducted as an opportunity for a moment of silent reflection on the anticipated activities of the day.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the concurrence“a moment of quiet reflection before plunging headlong into the day's activities[,]”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.