United States v. Morales’s Empirical Analysis
113 F.3d 116 · 1997
Citation profile
34 federal appellate · 2 district ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 44 later decisions — most recently July 2024 · most notably United States v. Glinton (1998), United States v. Whirlwind Soldier (2007)
34 federal appellate · 2 district ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 21 U.S.C. § 841 (§ 401 of the Controlled Substances Act) · 21 U.S.C. § 846 (§ 406 of the Controlled Substances Act)
Relies on Kotteakos v. United States · United States v. Ursery · United Mine Workers of America 1992 Benefit Plan v. Leckie Smokeless Coal Co. · United States v. McCarthy · United States v. Jones
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 44 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“In determining whether a variance exists, we consider the totality of the circumstances, including the nature of the activities, the location and time frame in which the activities were performed, and the participants involved.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“(1) the defendant could not reasonably have anticipated from the indictment the evidence to be presented against him; (2) the indictment is so vague that there is a possibility of subsequent prosecution for the same offense; or (3) the defendant was prejudiced by a `spillover' of evidence from one conspiracy to another.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“A variance results where a single conspiracy is charged but the evidence at trial shows multiple conspiracies.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.