Montoute v. Carr’s Empirical Analysis
114 F.3d 181 · 1997
Citation profile
31 federal appellate · 1 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 116 later decisions — most recently March 2023 · most notably Lee v. Ferraro (2002), Crawford v. Carroll (2008)
31 federal appellate · 1 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act))
Relies on Anderson v. Creighton · Graham v. Connor · Malley v. Briggs · Tennessee v. Garner · Hunter v. Bryant
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 116 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“the officer reasonably could have believed that probable cause existed.”
7 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. Jones v. Cannon · Vaughan v. Cox“whether the officer's actions are objectively reasonable in light of the facts confronting the officer, regardless of the officer's underlying intent or motivation.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“Arguable probable cause exists when an officer reasonably could have believed that probable cause existed, in light of the information the officer possessed.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.