114 N.C. App. 580 - Lee v. Greene’s Empirical Analysis
1994
Citation profile
22 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 24 later decisions — most recently July 2015
22 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871 / Section 1983 (Ku Klux Klan Act))
Relies on Harlow v. Fitzgerald · Graham v. Connor · Corum v. University of North Carolina · Pritchett v. Alford · Commissioner of the Land Office of Oklahoma v. Crook
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 24 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[R]uling on a defense of qualified immunity requires (1) identification of the specific right allegedly violated; (2) determining whether at the time of the alleged violation the right was clearly established; and (3) if so, then determining whether a reasonable person in the officer’s position would have known that his actions violated that right. While the first two requirements involve purely matters of law, the third may require factual determinations respecting disputed aspects of the officer’s conduct. . . . Thus, “[i]f there are genuine issues of historical fact respecting the officer’s conduct or its reasonableness under the circumstances, summary judgment is not appropriate, and the issue must be reserved for trial.””
3 later decisions quote this exact passage“Thus, if probable cause to arrest plaintiff was not present in the case at bar, the arrest was unlawful and violated [plaintiff's] Fourth Amendment right to be free from unlawful seizures.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage“has given, or made reasonable effort to give, notice of his authority and purpose to an occupant thereof[.]”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.