12 U.S.C. § 11
Section 11 · Interest in national banks
Amended 2 times on record
Applied in 257 court decisions — leading case Rhode Island Depositors Economic Protection Corp. v. Mapleroot Development Corp. (1998)
Most recently applied in American Alliance for Equal Rights v. Fearless Fund Management, LLC (June 2024)
Cases citing this section usually also cite 9 U.S.C. § 11 · 3 U.S.C. § 11 · 7 U.S.C. § 11
How often courts cite this section
Court decisions citing this, by year.Markers show enactment, consequential amendments, and circuit splits over this section — watch for a citation surge after a change or a disagreement. The dip in the last several years is a data-coverage gap, not a real trend — our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so recent citations are undercounted.
It shall not be lawful for the Comptroller or the Deputy Comptroller of the Currency, either directly or indirectly, to hold an interest in any national bank or any Federal savings association.
Editorial notes U.S. Code · Office of the Law Revision Counsel
Codification
R.S. §329 derived from act June 3, 1864, ch. 106, §1, 13 Stat. 99, which was the National Bank Act. See section 38 of this title.
Amendments
2010—Pub. L. 111–203 inserted “or any Federal savings association” before the period.
2000—Pub. L. 106–569 substituted “to hold an interest in any national bank” for “to be interested in any association issuing national currency under the laws of the United States”.
Effective Date of 2010 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 111–203 effective on the transfer date, see section 314(d) of Pub. L. 111–203, set out as a note under section 1 of this title.