12 U.S.C. § 2901
Section 2901 · Congressional findings and statement of purpose
Amended 1 time on record
Applied in 27 court decisions — leading case United States v. Lewis (1995)
Most recently applied in 119 F. Supp. 3d 158 - New York Bankers Ass'n v. City of New York (August 2015)
How often courts cite this section
Court decisions citing this, by year.Markers show enactment, consequential amendments, and circuit splits over this section — watch for a citation surge after a change or a disagreement. The dip in the last several years is a data-coverage gap, not a real trend — our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so recent citations are undercounted.
(a) The Congress finds that—
(1) regulated financial institutions are required by law to demonstrate that their deposit facilities serve the convenience and needs of the communities in which they are chartered to do business;
(2) the convenience and needs of communities include the need for credit services as well as deposit services; and
(3) regulated financial institutions have continuing and affirmative obligation to help meet the credit needs of the local communities in which they are chartered.
(b) It is the purpose of this chapter to require each appropriate Federal financial supervisory agency to use its authority when examining financial institutions, to encourage such institutions to help meet the credit needs of the local communities in which they are chartered consistent with the safe and sound operation of such institutions.
Editorial notes U.S. Code · Office of the Law Revision Counsel
Short Title
Section 801 of title VIII of Pub. L. 95–128 provided that: “This title [enacting this chapter] may be cited as the ‘Community Reinvestment Act of 1977’.”
Report on Community Development Lending
Pub. L. 102–550, title IX, §910, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 3874, provided that:
“(a) In General.—Not later than 12 months after the date of enactment of this section [Oct. 28, 1992], the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, in consultation with the Comptroller of the Currency, the Chairman of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Director of the Office of Thrift Supervision, and the Chairman of the National Credit Union Administration, shall submit a report to the Congress comparing residential, small business, and commercial lending by insured depository institutions in low-income, minority, and distressed neighborhoods to such lending in other neighborhoods.
“(b) Contents of Report.—The report required by subsection (a) shall—
“(1) compare the risks and returns of lending in low-income, minority, and distressed neighborhoods with the risks and returns of lending in other neighborhoods;
“(2) analyze the reasons for any differences in risk and return between low-income, minority, and distressed neighborhoods and other neighborhoods; and
“(3) if the risks of lending in low-income, minority, and distressed neighborhoods exceed the risks of lending in other neighborhoods, recommend ways of mitigating those risks.”