12 U.S.C. § 3331
Section 3331 · Purpose
Amended 1 time on record
Applied in 12 court decisions — leading case 190 W. Va. 711 - Teter v. Old Colony Co. (1994)
Most recently applied in Roggio v. Fed. Deposit Ins. Corp. (May 2018)
How often courts cite this section
Court decisions citing this, by year.Markers show enactment, consequential amendments, and circuit splits over this section — watch for a citation surge after a change or a disagreement. The dip in the last several years is a data-coverage gap, not a real trend — our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so recent citations are undercounted.
The purpose of this chapter is to provide that Federal financial and public policy interests in real estate related transactions will be protected by requiring that real estate appraisals utilized in connection with federally related transactions are performed in writing, in accordance with uniform standards, by individuals whose competency has been demonstrated and whose professional conduct will be subject to effective supervision.