12 Va. App. 827 - Mier v. Commonwealth’s Empirical Analysis
1991
Citation profile
4 federal appellate · 23 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 27 later decisions — most recently January 2010 · most notably 25 Va. App. 702 - Quinn v. Commonwealth (1997), 40 Va. App. 539 - Craddock v. Commonwealth (2003)
4 federal appellate · 23 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Miranda v. State of Arizona Vignera · Estelle v. Smith · Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education · 4 Va. App. 438 - Martin v. Commonwealth · State Division of Human Rights v. Xerox Corp.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 27 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“directed toward police conduct. . . , "The duty of giving 'Miranda warnings' is limited to employees of governmental agencies whose function is to enforce the law, or to those acting for such law enforcement agencies by direction of the agencies; .. . it does not include private citizens not directed or controlled by a law enforcement agency, even though their efforts might aid in law enforcement."”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.