Stephens’s Empirical Analysis
Citation profile
19 district · 1 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 46 later decisions — most recently March 2016 · most notably Richard Suppan, 53 F. Supp. 2d 643 - Lloyd v. Jefferson (1999)
19 district · 1 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Adickes v. S. H. Kress & Co. · Mt. Healthy City School District Board of Education v. Doyle · Elrod v. Burns · Branti v. Finkel · Burton v. Wilmington Parking Authority
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 46 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“held that it is unconstitutional for public agencies to discharge employees who are neither policymaking nor advisory based on their political affiliations, reasoning that an employee's exercise of First Amendment rights outweighs the government's interest in maintaining a system of political patronage.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“that [she] worked for a public agency in a position that does not require a political affiliation, that [she] were engaged in constitutionally protected conduct, and that the conduct was a substantial or motivating factor in the government's employment decision.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“Once the employee makes this demonstration, the employer may avoid a finding of liability by proving by a preponderance of the evidence that the same employment action would have been taken even in the absence of the protected activity.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.