¶1Plaintiff claims of the defendant the sum of $5,000 for the loss she has sustained in the death of her husband, Frank Linemueller, the loss of his love and support, and the mental anguish she has suffered.
¶2There were no children of her marriage. She claims the amount she alleges her husband would have been entitled to, had he recovered from the effects of the accident, had he survived at the last moment, and after having suffered all that he suffered by the accident, in which he lost his life.
¶3'John Arthur, the defendant, is a building contractor, and the husband of plaintiff was employed by him as foreman of the bricklayers in the construction of a high school building.
¶4On the morning of June 14, 1909, plaintiff’s husband, the petition alleges, was called upon to assist defendant in cleaning out a tin gutter.
¶5According to the petition, it appears that defendant, Arthur, and plaintiff’s husband were on the ground trying to clear the trash out of the gutter. A hodcarrier in the employ of defendant just then was sent to the roof by the decedent to assist the tinner, who was at the time at work opening the gutter, and was using a sash weight fastened to a cord.
¶6This order was given by the decedent in the presence of and with the knowledge and approval of said Arthur. .
¶7A material and important allegation is that the said Linemueller and Will Bryan (the hodcarrier), while doing the work on which they were engaged at the time of the accident, co-associated.
¶8While going to the roof, or while on the roof engaged in the work before referred to, the hodcarrier, it is charged by plaintiff, negligently and carelessly displaced a brick from the top of the wall. It fell, struck plaintiff's husband on the head, and injured him fatally.
¶9The defendant excepted, on the ground that the petition did not disclose a cause of action.
¶10The exception was maintained, and the case dismissed.
¶11Plaintiff appealed.
¶12The following is the first question presented by defendant for decision:
¶13Is the hodcarrier the fellow servant of the foreman?
¶14In this connection, it will be borne in mind that the foreman, who lost his life in the accident, and the hodcarrier, were employed in the same work, and were performing a common duty.
¶15The foreman had ordered the hodcarrier to do the work which he was doing at the time that the brick fell from the roof, as before mentioned (owing to the negligence of the hodcarrier). .
¶16The second question is; Was the foreman a vice principal?
¶17Taking up the first question, we are of opinion that the foreman and the hodcarrier were fellow servants.
¶18It is very evident that this court has not gone to extremes as relates to the fellow servant doctrine: It has gone as far as pos*504sible of late years, in keeping that doctrine within due bounds. To limit it still further would be equivalent to abolishing it altogether. In a number of decisions of recent years, although conservative upon the subject, still that rule has to' some extent been maintained.
¶19There are three comparatively recent decisions of this court upon the subject. They are cited by learned counsel for plaintiff.
¶20If the case of plaintiff falls within the scope of these decisions, her action will have to be maintained. Otherwise, as we have gone as far as deemed proper in limiting the fellow servant doctrine, we will not extend the limit any further than heretofore.
¶21In the first case cited — that is, the Merritt Case, 111 La. 163, second column, 35 South. 497 — the court held that persons engaged in different duties in the same establishment are not considered as fellow servants. This view was reiterated on rehearing.
¶22The following is this court’s appreciation of the case cited above, expressed in the second decision, several years after the decision above had been rendered.
“The case is directly in point, as Merritt was a general laborer and of£-bearer about the mill, and was not a coassociate with the man working the ripsaw.”
¶23In the case at bar, “there was no coassociation between the plaintiff and the watchman, their duties being entirely different.” Payne v. Georgetown Lumber Co., 117 La. 990, 42 South. 475.
¶24In the next case, cited by learned counsel here for plaintiff, in the syllabus, it is expressly stated that the fellow servant’s doctrine is not in the ease. The fellow employg was working in a different department.
¶25In this case the fellow servant doctrine was not pleaded.
¶26In the case under discussion, the said Linemuellér and the said Will Bryan (to copy from the petition), “while doing the work in which they were engaged, in clearing out the gutter” — the brick fell, of which we have before made mention.
¶27There are a number of decisions in other jurisdictions deciding directly that brick masons, and carriers of bricks are fellow servants (Blazinsky v. Perkins, 77 Wis. 9, 45 N. W. 917), and holding that the hodcarrier and his foreman are fellow servants (Bonnor v. Sandan, 68 Ill. App. 164; Maher v. McGrath, 58 N. J. Law, 469, 33 Atl. 945; Labatt, p. 1375, par. 498). See, also, Eng. & Am. Ency. of Law, vol. 12, p. 106.
¶28Again, it has been held that both were engaged in the same work under a common employment. The petition in such a case alleged a cause of action. Weaver v. Gould Logging Co., 116 La. 468, 40 South. 798. See, also, Satterly v. Morgan, 35 La. Ann. 1166; Poirier v. Carroll, 35 La. Ann. 699; Hubgh v. Railroad Co., 6 La. Ann. 498, 54 Am. Dec. 565.
¶29The defendant urges that, if these persons were not fellow servants, the foreman was a vice principal.
¶30We leave the subject of the fellow servant doctrine, strictly speaking, and, for a moment, take up the case from the point of view that the foreman was a vice principal.
¶31We have been referred to no decision on this point in this state; but it has received full consideration in other jurisdictions. The leading case is McGrory v. Railroad Co., 90 Ark. 210, 118 S. W. 710, also published in 23 L. R. A. (N. S.) 301, 134 Am. St. Rep. 24.
¶32The decison holds that the' master is not liable when one of the fellow servants is placed in control over subordinates; that he then assumes the risk, which prevents him from recovering damages caused by those under his charge — in other words, when a vice principal has superior authority over workmen.
¶33AVe have noted that the foreman (decedent) *506had ordered the workmen to perform the work at which they were engaged, and it was while acting under his order that the foreman was injured, from the effect of which injury he died.
¶34The case has every feature of the cases we have cited above on the subject of vice principal.
¶35Mr. Labatt, in his work entitled “Master and Servant,” says, in cases similar to those to which we have referred, that the superior servant doctrine has no application to a case in which a superior servant is injured by the negligence of a servant under his control. Master and Servant, p. 1458, par. 520.
¶36For reasons stated, the judgment is affirmed.