United States v. Smith’s Empirical Analysis
13 F.3d 1421 · 1994
Citation profile
58 federal appellate · 3 district ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 85 later decisions — most recently April 2025 · most notably United States v. Pappert (1997), United States v. Massey (1995)
58 federal appellate · 3 district ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 1341 (White-Collar Crime Penalty Enhancement Act of 2002) · 18 U.S.C. § 1957 (§ 1352 of the Money Laundering Control Act of 1986) · 18 U.S.C. § 3231 · 26 U.S.C. § 7203 · 28 U.S.C. § 1291
Relies on Ohio Bureau of Employment Services v. Hodory · Delaware v. New York · Sanders Confectionery Products Inc. v. Heller Financial, Inc. · Crain v. United States · William Garland v. State of Washington
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 85 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“substantial doubt that the jury was fairly guided.”
11 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“Plain error is one that 'affects the defendant's right to a fair and impartial trial.'”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“It must have been both 'obvious and substantial.'”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.