13 Va. App. 409 - Griffin v. Commonwealth’s Empirical Analysis
1991
Citation profile
18
cited by 18 later decisions
1
states following
April 2017
most recently cited
12 state decisions
Relationships
Relies on 10 Va. App. 430 - Willis v. Commonwealth · Graybeal v. Commonwealth · Hawks v. Commonwealth · 2 Va. App. 211 - Hairston v. Commonwealth · Mitchell v. Commonwealth
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 18 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“Thus, whenever there .is ... intent, the timing of the offense is not an essential element of the offense. Since breaking and entering of a dwelling, at any time, is the essential element of the offense, the indictment’s allegation that the offense occurred in the daytime is nothing more than surplusage.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage“If any person [in the nighttime enters without breaking or in the daytime breaks and enters ... a dwelling house ... or at any time breaks and enters ... any building permanently affixed to realty] with intent to commit larceny, he shall be guilty of statutory burglary.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage“other house,” and a preceding, list of locations, with the term "building permanently affixed to realty.” 2004 Virginia Laws Ch. 842 (H.B. 645). A building affixed to realty also “necessarily includes any such structure used as a dwelling.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.