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135 Mass. 521

Commonwealth v. Bacon

Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court

Decided September 4, 1883

Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court · decided 1883-09-04

<p>If the name, the street and number of the residence, and the occupation, of persons summoned as jurors in the county of Suffolk are written upon cards, which are shaken together in a revolving barrel before being drawn, the provisions of the Pub. Sts. c. 170, § 81, as to empanelling a jury, are sufficiently complied with; and the word “ liquors ” on such a card sufficiently designates the person’s occupation.</p> <p>At the trial of an indictment for threatening to accuse a person of crime, with the intent to extort money from him, the government may show that the defendant, under an assumed name, brought an action against the person alleged in the indictment to have been threatened, by the testimony of the attorney of record for the plaintiff in that action, although he testifies that all the knowledge he has as to the identity of the plaintiff therein with the present defendant was acquired while acting as such attorney.</p> <p>At the trial of an indictment for threatening to accuse a person “ of having committed the crime of open and gross lewdness and lascivious behavior in the presence of ” the defendant, with the intent of the defendant to extort money from him, there was evidence tending to show that the defendant had accused him of an act of grossly indecent and irregular indulgence of lust, involving the illegal use of force on the defendant’s person, and had threatened to give publicity to the pretended acts unless he was paid money; and that, among other threats, the defendant used the following language: “Give me five hundred dollars, or I’ll put this thing in court.” “If you don’t go and see my lawyer before five o’clock, you will be arrested.” Seld, upon a bill of exceptions which did not set forth all the evidence, that there was no variance between the allegations and the proof. •</p>

Relies on Commonwealth v. Goodwin

Good law ✅— No negative treatment on recordhow we know

Decided 1883-09-04

How this case has been cited

Cited by 11 later decisions — most recently March 1982

10 state decisions

3018831890190019101920193019401950196019701980decided

Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.

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Holmes, J.

¶1The provisions of the Pub. Sts. c. 170, § 31, as to empanelling the jury, were sufficiently complied with. The street and number of the house where each juryman resided were written on the cards, and we think that this was enough to point out his place of residence with practical certainty in the county of Suffolk. “ Liquors ” set against the name of one of the jurymen was a perfectly intelligible indicar tian of his occupation. The cards were shaken together, before being drawn, in a revolving barrel. A barrel is a “ box ” within the purpose and requirement of the statute.

¶2The attorney did not testify to any confidential communication, but simply to a public fact, — that a certain proper name designated a certain person. If proper names perfectly fulfilled their function, no testimony would be necessary, as the name would of itself identify the individual. A proper name, whether real or assumed, always purports to mean one person and no other, and theoretically the name of the plaintiff in the action, which was a public fact, carried with it an identification of the party using it, and made that also public. Hence, although it so happens that the attorney would not actually have known what he testified to but for his employment, his employment cannot be regarded as the legal ground of his knowledge, and the defendant could not object to the disclosure. Bull. N. P. 284.

¶3With regard to the alleged variance, it appears that there was evidence that the defendant had accused each of the parties named in the indictment “of an act of grossly indecent and irregular indulgence of lust, involving the illegal use of force on the defendant’s person,” and had threatened to give publicity to the pretended acts unless he was paid off. To one of the parties he made the further threat to “ put this thing in court.” To another, “If you don’t go and see my lawyer before five o’clock, you will be arrested.” It is true that the accusations did not state the specific offence charged with the precision of pleading, but they were broad enough to be reasonably understood to embrace the offence set forth in the indictment, and that is sufficient. Any other interpretation of the statute would make it nugatory, in the same way that the law of slander was *526made nugatory two hundred years ago. Commonwealth v. Murphy, 12 Allen, 449. So as to the threats of prosecution. They did not refer in terms to the criminal courts, but they might reasonably have been understood to embrace criminal prosecution, and the jury might properly find that they purported to do so, and that they had reference to the charges previously made. Commonwealth v. Goodwin, 122 Mass. 19. Furthermore, it does not appear that the exceptions set forth all the evidence. On the contrary, we gather that they do not. The statement that “ there was evidence that one of the defendant’s demands on the party named in the first and second counts was as follows,” imports that there were other demands proved which are not stated. So the statement of the accusations is in terms which necessarily import that the evidence was more specific, and which leave it open whether there was not other evidence not referred to. Exceptions overruled.

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