In re Baiz’s Empirical Analysis
135 U.S. 403 · 1890
Citation profile
48 federal appellate · 27 district · 28 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 176 later decisions (11 by the Supreme Court) — most recently January 2021 · most notably Baker v. Carr (1962), Banco Nacional De Cuba v. Sabbatino (1964)
48 federal appellate · 27 district · 28 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Grace v. American Central Insurance · Chapman v. Barney · Robertson v. Cease · Smith v. Whitney · Börs v. Preston
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 176 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
““252. Suits against ministers and their domestics prohibited. Whenever any writ or process is sued out or prosecuted by any person in any court of the United States, or of a State, or by any judge or justice, whereby the person of any ambassador or public minister of any foreign Prince or State, authorized and received as such by the President, or any domestic or domestic servant of any such minister, is arrested or imprisoned, or his goods or chattels are distrained, seized, or attached, such writ or process shall be deemed void. (R. S. sec. 4063. ) “253. Penalty for wrongful suit. Whenever any writ or process is sued out in violation of the preceding section, every person by whom the same is obtained or prosecuted, whether as party or as attorney or solicitor, and every officer concerned in executing it, shall be deemed a violator of the laws of nations and a disturber of the public repose, and shall be imprisoned for not more than three years, and fined at the discretion of the court. (R. S. sec. 4064. ) “254. Exceptions as to suits against servants etc., of minister; listing servants. The two preceding sections shall not apply to any case where the person against whom the process is issued is a citizen or inhabitant of the United States, in the service of an ambassador or a public minister, and the processes founded upon a debt contracted before he entered upon such service; ' nor shall the preceding section apply to any case where the person against whom the process is i”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority““To All Whom These Presents Shall.Come, Greeting: “Know ye that I, Robert Lansing, Secretary of State of the United States of America, do hereby certify that Boris Bakhmetieff presented his letter of credence to the President of the United States and was officially received by the President as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Russia 'on the fifth day of July, 1917; and that the said Boris Bakhmetieff has accordingly since that date been recognized by the Department of State as Ambassador of Russia and as entitled to all the rights, privileges and immunities of such status. ' “In witness whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name and caused the Seal of the Department of State to be affixed. “Done in the city of Washington this eighth day of May, one thousand nine hundred and eighteen. Robert Lansing. [Seal.]””
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority““These agents may be called ambassadors, envoys, ministers, commissioners, charges d’affaires, agents, or otherwise, but they possess in substance the same functions, rights, and privileges as agents of their respective governments for the transaction of its diplomatic business abroad.””
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.