United States v. Snoddy’s Empirical Analysis
139 F.3d 1224 · 1998
Citation profile
48 federal appellate · 1 district ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 58 later decisions — most recently June 2025 · most notably United States v. Rodriguez De Varon (1999), United States v. Nation (2001)
48 federal appellate · 1 district ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Granito v. United States · Calder v. Job · Granito v. United States · Robinett v. United States · Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 58 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“The mere fact that a defendant is less culpable than his codefendants does not entitle defendant to “minor participant” status. Whether a downward adjustment is warranted is determined not only by comparing the acts of each participant in relation to the relevant conduct for which the participant is held accountable, but also by measuring each participant’s individual acts and relative culpability against the elements of the offense.”
6 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[i]f a defendant has received a lower offense level by virtue of being convicted of an offense significantly less serious than warranted by his actual criminal conduct... because such defendant is not substantially less culpable than a defendant whose only conduct involved the less serious offense.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“under Sentencing Guidelines for which defendant would otherwise be accountable involved more than one participant; and (2) that defendant’s culpability for such conduct was relatively minor compared to that of other participant or participants). The fact that Bailey did not try to save the images made him substantially less culpable than the ordinary participant in”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.