Stern v. Shalala’s Empirical Analysis
14 F.3d 148 · 1994
Citation profile
How this case has been cited
Cited by 6 later decisions — most recently April 2025
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 1341 (White-Collar Crime Penalty Enhancement Act of 2002) · 21 U.S.C. § 841 (§ 401 of the Controlled Substances Act) · 42 U.S.C. § 1320A (§ 1128 of the Social Security Act of 1935) · 42 U.S.C. § 1320A (§ 1128a of the Social Security Act of 1935)
Relies on Missouri v. Continential Insurance Cos. · Robertson v. Methow Valley Citizens Council · Unimet Corp. v. United Steelworkers · United States v. Peter A. Crusco and Phillip A. Cimmino. Appeal of Phillip Cimmino · United States v. Bowler
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 6 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“Courts enforce what the defendant reasonably understood the plea agreement to mean when the guilty plea was entered.”) (quotation marks and citation omitted). 21 . Altro, 180 F.3d at 376 (quoting United States v. Lawlor, 168 F.3d 633, 636 (2d Cir.1999)). 22 . Gotti Mem. at 3. 23 . See 4/12/05 Transcript of Oral Argument (”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.