People v. Rivera’s Empirical Analysis
1964
Citation profile
16 federal appellate · 60 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 95 later decisions (6 by the Supreme Court) — most recently December 2011 · most notably Terry v. Ohio (1968), Sibron v. State of New York Peters (1968)
16 federal appellate · 60 state decisions — followed in 17 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Wong Sun v. United States · Mapp v. Ohio · Ker v. State of California · Henry v. United States · Harris v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 95 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[T]he evidence needed to make [an investigative detention] is not of the same degree of conclusiveness as that required for an arrest. The stopping of the individual to inquire is not an arrest and the ground upon which the police may make the inquiry may be less incriminating than the ground for an arrest for a crime known to have been committed.”
6 later decisions quote this exact passage“If we recognize the authority of the police to stop a person and inquire concerning unusual street events we are required to recognize the hazards involved in this kind of public duty. The answer to the question propounded by the policeman may be a bullet; in any case the exposure to danger could be very great. We think the frisk is a reasonable and constitutionally permissible precaution to minimize that danger.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage“as a reasonable and necessary police authority for the prevention of crime and the preservation of public order.”
1 later decision quote this exact passagee.g. State v. Streeter
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.