14 Va. App. 158 - Gosling v. Commonwealth’s Empirical Analysis
1992
Citation profile
2 federal appellate · 31 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 33 later decisions — most recently October 2016 · most notably 2011 Pa. Super. 47 - Commonwealth v. Brown (2011), 16 Va. App. 638 - Boney v. Commonwealth (1993)
2 federal appellate · 31 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Gault · Malloy v. Hogan · Kastigar v. United States · Hoffman v. United States · Counselman v. Hitchcock
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 33 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“In a criminal prosecution other than for perjury, or an action on a penal statute, evidence shall not be given against the accused of any statement made by him as a witness upon a legal examination.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the dissent“A prosecutor, “without using one word of that statement,” might “be led by the testimony of the witness to means and sources of information which might result in” self incrimination. Such limited protection is obviously not co-extensive with the constitutional privilege [to invoke the Fifth Amendment] and cannot overcome it, once validly asserted.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage“Use immunity protects the witness only from “the use of the specific testimony compelled from him under the grant of immunity,” but not from evidence obtained as a result of such testimony. Courts have recognized that witnesses protected only by use immunity may be pursued by prosecutors with evidence indirectly derived from compelled testimony.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.