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← 143 OHIOST3D 114 - State v. Ruff

State v. Ruff’s Empirical Analysis

2015

Citation profile

1,467
cited by 1,467 later decisions
1
states following
January 2026
most recently cited

1,467 state decisions

Relationships

Relies on Blockburger v. United States · Missouri v. Hunter · United States v. Dixon · Albernaz v. United States · Iannelli v. United States

Cited together with Strickland v. Washington · State v. Thompkins · State v. Williams · State v. Rogers · State v. Jenks

Most-quoted passages

The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 1,467 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.

  1. “multiple punishments for the same offense”
    2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the concurrence
  2. “The Blockburger rule, also known as a same-elements test, focuses on the statutory elements of the offense and not the particular facts of the case or the proof offered to establish the crimes.”
    1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the concurrence
  3. “offenses do not merge unless they involve (1) the 'same conduct,' (2) a 'similar import,' and (3) a single 'animus.'”
    1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the concurrence

How this case has been treated — in progress

Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.