Testa v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.’s Empirical Analysis
144 F.3d 173 · 1998
Citation profile
16 federal appellate · 15 district · 4 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 43 later decisions — most recently May 2025 · most notably Zimmerman v. Direct Federal Credit Union (2001), Gath v. M/A-Com, Inc. (2003)
16 federal appellate · 15 district · 4 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 28 U.S.C. § 1332 (Class Action Fairness Act of 2005)
Relies on Bollenbach v. United States · United States v. Bayer · Anderson v. Cryovac, Inc. · Blinzler v. Marriott International, Inc. · United States v. Ladd
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 43 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“adequately illuminate the law applicable to the controverted issues in the case without unduly complicating matters or misleading the jury.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“must proffer evidence sufficient to permit the trier to find that the target knew of (a) the claim (that is, the litigation or the potential for litigation), and (b) the [evidence's] potential relevance to that claim.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“the court can err as easily by overinclusiveness as by underinclusiveness”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.