Cousin v. Sundquist’s Empirical Analysis
145 F.3d 818 · 1998
Citation profile
11 federal appellate · 5 district ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 40 later decisions — most recently November 2023 · most notably Harper v. City of Chicago Heights (2000), Rodriguez v. Pataki (2004)
11 federal appellate · 5 district ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 42 U.S.C. § 1973 (§ 2 of the Voting Rights Act of 1965)
Relies on Thornburg v. Gingles · Johnson v. De Grandy · United Jewish Organizations of Williamsburgh, Inc. v. Carey · Voinovich v. Quilter · Marks v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 40 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[W]e do not foreclose the consideration of electoral races involving only white candidates where the record indicates that one of the candidates was strongly preferred by black voters.... Where black voters have a genuine candidate of choice in an election involving only white candidates, then the results will be relevant to the question of whether racial bloc voting enables the white majority usually to defeat the minority’s preferred candidate.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[1] the minority group must be able to demonstrate that it is sufficiently large and geographically compact to constitute a majority in a single-member district_ [2] the minority group must be able to show that it is politically cohesive.... [and 3] the minority must be able to demonstrate that the white majority votes sufficiently as a bloc to enable it ... usually to defeat the minority’s preferred candidate.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“is not whether white candidates do or do not usually defeat black candidates, but whether minority-preferred candidates, whatever their race, usually lose.”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.