In re Michael’s Empirical Analysis
146 F.2d 627 · 1944
Citation profile
12 federal appellate · 1 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 16 later decisions (2 by the Supreme Court) — most recently November 2003
12 federal appellate · 1 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Appellate journey
Relationships
Applies 18 U.S.C. § 231 (Civil Obedience Act of 1968)
Relies on Clark v. United States · Phillips v. Commissioner · Ex parte Hudgings · Toledo Newspaper Co. v. United States · O'Connell v. United States
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 16 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“fairly be characterized as unresponsive in failing to give direct answers to the questions asked him.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. In re Michael“blocking the inquiry just as effectively by giving a false answer as refusing to give any at all.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. In re Michael“an obstruction of the administration of justice”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. In re Michael
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.