Keele v. Wexler’s Empirical Analysis
149 F.3d 589 · 1998
Citation profile
21 federal appellate · 12 district · 7 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 230 later decisions — most recently June 2023 · most notably Miller v. Wolpoff & Abramson, L.L.P. (2003), Beverly Blair and Letressa Wilbon, on Behalf of Themselves and a Class of Others Similarly Situated v. Equifax Check Services, Inc. (1999)
21 federal appellate · 12 district · 7 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 15 U.S.C. § 1692 (Fair Debt Collection Practices Act) · 15 U.S.C. § 1692D (Fair Debt Collection Practices Act)
Relies on Amchem Products, Inc. v. Windsor · Schlesinger v. Reservists Committee to Stop the War · Air Line Pilots Ass'n, International v. Shugrue · Wisconsin Department of Revenue v. William Wrigley, Jr., Co. · De La Fuente v. Stokely-Van Camp, Inc.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 230 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“(1) numerosity (the class must be so large ‘that joinder of all members is impracticable’); (2) commonality (there must exist ‘questions of law or fact common to the class’); (3) typicality (named parties’ claims or defenses ‘are typical ... of the class’); and (4) adequacy of representation (the representative must be able to ‘fairly and adequately protect the interests of the class’).”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“[Njeither the text nor underlying legislative history of the FDCPA lends itself to the recognition óf a fraud exception. Indeed, nothing, in the Act makes inquiry in to the debtor’s intent at the time he or she writes a subsequently-dishonored check. Its language focuses primarily, -if not exclusively, on the conduct of debt collectors, not debtors. Absent some textual directive in the FDCPA, we will not alter that focus, for our task is to interpret the words of Congress, not add to them. .”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“arises from the same event or practice or course of conduct that gives rise to the claims of other class members and his or her claims are based on the same legal theory.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.