150 W. Va. 571 - State v. Fortner’s Empirical Analysis
1966
Citation profile
3 federal appellate · 69 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 72 later decisions — most recently June 2017 · most notably 160 W. Va. 234 - State v. Boyd (1977), 158 W. Va. 905 - State v. Starr (1975)
3 federal appellate · 69 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Escobedo v. Illinois · Jackson v. Denno · State v. Vance · 146 W. Va. 925 - State v. Vance · 143 W. Va. 755 - State v. Bruner
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 72 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“It is the mandatory duty of a trial court, whether requested or not, to hear the evidence and determine in the first instance, out of the presence of the jury, the voluntariness of an oral or written confession by an accused person prior to admitting the same into evidence, and the failure to observe this procedure constitutes reversible error.”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.