153 Misc. 2d 822 - Jones v. Trane’s Empirical Analysis
1992
Citation profile
2 federal appellate · 6 district · 37 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 53 later decisions — most recently March 2019 · most notably Gibson v. Brewer (1997), 128 N.C. App. 490 - Smith v. Privette (1998)
2 federal appellate · 6 district · 37 state decisions — followed in 13 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Wisconsin v. Yoder · 57 Or. App. 203 - Christofferson v. CHURCH OF SCIENTOLOGY, ETC.
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 53 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“'that a religious body must be held free from any responsibility for wholly predictable and foreseeable injurious consequences of personnel decisions, although such decisions incorporate no theological or dogmatic tenets-would go beyond First Amendment protection and cloak such bodies with an exclusive immunity greater than that required for the preservation of the principles constitutionally safeguarded.'”
4 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“Any effort by this Court to instruct the trial jury as to the duty of care which a clergyman should exercise, would of necessity require the Court or jury to define and express the standard of care to be followed by other reasonable Presbyterian clergy of the community. This in turn would require the Court and the jury to consider the fundamental perspective and approach to counseling inherent in the beliefs and practices of that denomination. This is as unconstitutional as it is impossible.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“inasmuch as it is conduct, and not creed, that underlies plaintiffs' actions, and that the potential for civil consequences exists equally as to religious and non-religious persons, and as to clergy and lay persons of all religions alike, the Free Exercise aspect of the First Amendment does not come into play to preclude plaintiffs' [breach of fiduciary duty action]....”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. H.R.B. v. J.L.G. · Hrb v. Jlg
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.