Able v. United States’s Empirical Analysis
155 F.3d 628 · 1998
Citation profile
24 federal appellate · 14 district · 7 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 64 later decisions — most recently May 2018 · most notably Civil Liberties for Urban Believers v. City of Chicago (2003), Brown v. City of Oneonta (2000)
24 federal appellate · 14 district · 7 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on City of Cleburne Texas v. Cleburne Living Center · Federal Communications Commission v. Beach Communications, Inc. · Parker v. Levy · Heller v. Doe Ex Rel. Doe · Orloff v. Willoughby
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 64 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“the government has no obligation to produce evidence to sustain the rationality of a statutory classification. We will assume that a statute is constitutional and the burden is on the one attacking the legislative arrangement to negative every conceivable basis which might support it, whether or not the basis has a foundation in the record.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“As a general rule, the equal protection guarantee of the Constitution is satisfied when the government differentiates between persons for a reason that bears a rational relationship to an appropriate governmental interest.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“The suspect or quasi-suspect classes that are entitled to heightened scrutiny have been limited to groups generally defined by their status ... and not by the conduct in which they engage”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.