Espinet v. Horvath’s Empirical Analysis
1991
Citation profile
2 federal appellate · 6 district · 29 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 39 later decisions — most recently August 2018 · most notably City of Burlington v. National Union Fire Insurance (1994), Northern Security Insurance v. Perron (2001)
2 federal appellate · 6 district · 29 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. v. Zenith Radio Corporation · Quincy Mutual Fire Insurance v. Abernathy · Allstate Insurance v. Freeman · State v. Glens Falls Insurance · Kelly v. Town of Barnard
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 39 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“Though justified, an injury inflicted by an act taken in self-defense may be expected and/or intended. To accept defendant’s theory that injuries inflicted in the course of self-defense are included in coverage, we would be forced to read into the policy that only injuries inflicted wrongfully are excluded. We may not read such a requirement into the contract.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage“[a]n insured intends an injury if he or she subjectively desires it, and an insured expects an injury if he or she is subjectively aware that injury is substantially certain to result.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the dissent“[a]lthough the inquiries into an insured's intentions and expectations under the terms of the policy [exclusion] are both subjective, they are not identical.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the dissent
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.