159 Pa. Super. 339 - Loving Estate’s Empirical Analysis
1946
Citation profile
13 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 13 later decisions — most recently October 2000
13 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Groninger's Estate · Weir's Estate · Rickenbach Estate · Nass's Estate · Mulliken v. Earnshaw
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 13 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[W]here there is a direction to pay and divide, but there is no separate and antecedent gift which is independent of the direction and time for payment, the legacy is contingent. The reason for the rule is that the gift itself is only implied from a direction to pay. Such a gift is necessarily separable from the direction, and hence must partake of its quality. If the direction is future and contingent so must the gift be.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.