810
FEDERAL REPORTER.
for the record of a mortgage which the evidence shows has no existwhich has been put out of the way,-not, perhaps, with any fraudulent intent. but because the makers of it had. concluded that it had; .been executed without authority of law; and (2) to make the silme, when recorded, a first mortgage, as against another incumbrance. which had been given by the defendant corporation to secure the payment of bonds of the par value of $600,000. There are two difficulties in granting such relief: (1) On account of the impossibility of recording a paper which does not exist, and which was probably destroyed before the complainant's title to the bonds accrued; and (2) because the equally meritorious bondholders of the lands of the last-recited mortgage are not parties to these proceedings, and it would be inequitable to make any decree whereby the validity of their security would be impaired, if not destroyed, without notice and without the opportunity of defending their rights and interests. A deoree must be entered denying the relief asked, for, and dismissing the bill of complaint, but, under the circumstances, without costs.
UNITED l:)UTES
v. IRON SILVER MINING Co. and others.
,Oircuit Court, Do' Oolorado. June 23, 1883.) P ATE1'\T. lI'0R LAND-F,nAUDUL,EN'l,' REPRESENTATIONS AS TO V AI.UE--'- BILL TO 1::SET ASIDE PATENT.
The United States may bring a bill in equity to set aside a patent for land which has been executed. by it, upon the ground that the conveyance was ob· . tained by fraud; aod, where the party obtaining the patent knows that the land is valuable' ,for its lodes of mineral, and suppresses this fact, and falsely represents the very contrary in his application arid in his proofs, arid thereby defrauds arid deceives the land department, and thus obtains a patent, it is a . fraud, and a court of equity may set it aSide.
In Equity. Andrew W. Brazee, for the United States. C. G. Symes, for defendant. MCCRARY, J., (orally.) I have considered the. demurrer to the com. against the Iron plaint in the, case of the United States of Silver Mining Company, which is a bill in chancery filed on behalf of the United States to set aside a patent upon the ground that the same has been obtained by fraud. The bill is, of course, somewhat
UNITED STATES
v.
IRON SILVER MINING CO.
.811
lengthy, but I think I can state the substance of the allegations, so far as they charge fraud, without reading it. It is alleged that the land in question was covered with. timber; also, that it contained sundry veins, lodes, ledges, and seams bearing silver, gold, and lead, in rock in place, of great value. It'is further alleged that the land was of no value as placer rtlining ground; that about October, 1879, James A. Sawyer, and others to complainant unknown, discovered sundry lodes, ledges, veins, and deposits in rock in place on said land, carrying gold, silver, lead, etc.; that besides these discoveries there were then indications of divers other lodes carrying certain metals, which indications were apparent to persons skilled and expert in that behalf; that there was no placer mining ground on the land; that p,aid Sawyer and others conspired together to cheat and defraud the complainant, and did conspire with certain persons named, and others unknown, to obtain fraudulently a patent for said parcels of land, and for each of them, upon the pretense that the same were placer grounds and subject to entry as such; that they conspired and confederated together to falsely represent to the register and -receiver at Leadville, and other land-offices of the United States, that the said land was placer mining ground and subject to entry as such, when in truth such was not the fact, and the land was ledges, 01· deposits. It is only subject to entry as lodes, leads, further averred that prior to this time said Sawyer had located the Andrew Jackson lode and the Ferguson lode and the Bonanza QueeD. lode and the Lizzie Belle lode, all upon the said lands, and divers other lode claims that have been located thereon. It is averred that there was an agreement that Sawyer was to abandon his lode claims and enter the land as placer mining claims for the benefit of respondent. Applications for patents, it is averred, were filed, in which statewere made which were false in the following particulars, among others: In the statement that the lands were placer mining grounds; in the statement that no known vein or lodes of quartz or other rock in place bearing gold, lead, or silver existed thereon; and in numerall.charged to have ous other particulars of less importance, ... been false, as the applicants well knew. It is, of course, well understood that the United States may bring a bill in equity to set aside a patent which has been executed by it, that the conveyance was obtained by fraud;' and upon the the same principles and rules which would obtain as between individuals will apply to a case where the government institutes such a suit. I suppose, therefore, it is correct to say that if a person, by
819
falsely representing any material matter, deceives the officers of the land department, and thereby induces them to execute to him a patent, upon proof of the fact a court of equity may set the patent aside; and I think that if a man knows that a certain tract of land is val. uable for its lodes of mineral,-if he knows it by having located lodes was the case upon it, and having developed them, as this bill here,-and if he knows also that it is not valuable for placer mines, and if he suppresses these facts, and especially if he represents the very contrary of these facts in his application and in his proofs, and , thereby defrauds and deceives the officers of the land department, and induces them to execute the patent, it is a fraud, and a court of equity may set it aside. I think that if the allegations of this bill are true, there is a case for relief within the principles of equity, and the demurrer to the bill must be overruled.
THE DOGGETT, BASSETT & HILLS CO. v. HERJlfAN and SWEET and others v. SAME. CLARK and another v. SAME. FIELD and others v. SAME. KENDALL and another v. SAME. WElL and others v. SAME, THE GAuss·HuNICKE HAT Co. v. SAME. rWILLIAM BABOOCK intervenor
in each of the foregoing cases.] 1883.
(Circuit Oourt, D. Oolorado. FRAUDULEN'l'. PREFERENQElS.
A preference made by a delivery of part of the assignor's estate is void under the Colorado statute, where the delivery to the preferred creditor and the assignments are simultaneous, or so nearly so as· to -constitute parts of one and the same transaction.
Prior to the fourteenth of October, 1882, the defendants, Max Herman and Herman, composing the firm of Herman Bros., were merchants doing business at Leadville and at Boulder, in this *From the Denver Law Journal.