16 U.S.C. § 1454
Section 1454 · Submittal of State program for approval
Amended 6 times on record
Applied in 18 court decisions — leading case California Coastal Commission v. Granite Rock Co. (1987)
Most recently applied in FORE RIVER RESIDENTS AGAINST COMPRESSOR STATION v. OFFICE OF COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT & others. (December 2021)
How often courts cite this section
Court decisions citing this, by year.Markers show enactment, consequential amendments, and circuit splits over this section — watch for a citation surge after a change or a disagreement. The dip in the last several years is a data-coverage gap, not a real trend — our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so recent citations are undercounted.
(a) In fiscal years 1997, 1998, and 1999, the Secretary may make a grant annually to any coastal state without an approved program if the coastal state demonstrates to the satisfaction of the Secretary that the grant will be used to develop a management program consistent with the requirements set forth in section 1455 of this title. The amount of any such grant shall not exceed $200,000 in any fiscal year, and shall require State matching funds according to a 4-to-1 ratio of Federal-to-State contributions. After an initial grant is made to a coastal state pursuant to this subsection, no subsequent grant shall be made to that coastal state pursuant to this subsection unless the Secretary finds that the coastal state is satisfactorily developing its management program. No coastal state is eligible to receive more than four grants pursuant to this subsection.
(b) Any coastal state which has completed the development of its management program shall submit such program to the Secretary for review and approval pursuant to section 1455 of this title.
Editorial notes U.S. Code · Office of the Law Revision Counsel
Amendment of Section
Pub. L. 104–150, §2(b)(1), (3), June 3, 1996, 110 Stat. 1380, provided that, effective Oct. 1, 1999, this section is amended by striking subsection (a), by striking “(b)”, and by amending section catchline to read as follows: “Submittal of State program for approval”.
Amendments
1996—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 104–150, §2(a), substituted “1997, 1998, and 1999” for “1991, 1992, and 1993” and “four grants” for “two grants”.
1992—Pub. L. 102–587 substituted “coastal state” for “coastal State” in last sentence of subsec. (a) and in subsec. (b).
1990—Pub. L. 101–508 amended section generally, substituting present provisions for provisions which authorized management program development grants, established program requirements, set limits on grants, provided for grants for completion of development and implementation of management programs, provided for allocation of grants, reversion of unobligated grants, and grants to other political subdivisions, required submission of program for review and approval, and set forth an expiration date of grant authority.
1976—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 94–370 incorporated existing provisions into par. (1), limiting applicability of such provisions to subsec. (c), and added par. (2).
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 94–370 added pars. (7) to (9) and effective date provisions of such paragraphs after par. (9).
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 94–370 substituted provision that grant should not exceed 80 per centum of a coastal state's costs for purposes described in subsection (a)(1) of this section for provision that grant should not exceed 662/3 per centum of the costs of the program in any one year, expanded to four the number of grants a state is eligible to receive pursuant to this subsection, and struck out provision that Federal funds received from other sources shall not be used to match such grants.
Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 94–370 substituted provisions authorizing Secretary to make grants annually to any coastal state for purposes described in subsection (a)(2) and setting forth eligibility prerequisites for initial implementation grants for provisions, which were incorporated into subsec. (h), authorizing Secretary to review and approve the state's submitted management program which on final approval terminates state's eligibility under this section, but commences state's eligibility under section 1455 of this title.
Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 94–370 restructured existing provisions into pars. (1) and (2), and as so restructured, substituted in provisions preceding par. (1) reference to shall be made to, and allocated among, the coastal states for reference to shall be allocated to the states, and in par. (1) inserted proviso relating to the waiver at the option of the Secretary of the 10 per centum maximum requirement.
Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 94–370 substituted “The amount of any grant” for “Grant” and “the coastal state” for “a state”.
Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 94–370 substituted “any coastal state” for “the state” and inserted “received by it” before “under this section”.
Subsecs. (h), (i). Pub. L. 94–370 added subsec. (h) which incorporated provisions of former subsec. (d), redesignated former subsec. (h) as (i), and substituted “September 30, 1979” for “June 30, 1977”.
1975—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 93–612 inserted proviso relating to the waiver by the Secretary of the 1 per centum minimum requirement upon request by the coastal state.
Effective Date of 1996 Amendment
Section 2(b)(3) of Pub. L. 104–150 provided that: “This subsection [amending this section and section 1456a of this title] shall take effect on October 1, 1999.”