Gould v. Davis’s Empirical Analysis

Citation profile

9 federal appellate · 7 district · 1 state decisions

Most-quoted passages

The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 41 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.

1. “basically encompasses officer safety and the destruction of easily-disposed evidence.”

   3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
   e.g. Figg v. Schroeder · Gayle W. Figg, Personally and as Personal Representative of the Estate of Thomas Allen Figg, Deceased Robert L. Figg, III John Stuart Figg Martha Figg Williams Wayne Attanasio v. John A. Schroeder, Sergeant Michael J. Anthony, Sergeant, and Thomas C. Land, Individually and in His Official Capacity as Sheriff's Deputy John Does, 1-10, Consisting of Several Unidentified Hanover County Sheriff's Deputies, Individually and in Their Official Capacities as Sheriff's Deputies Winston R. Robertson Douglas R. Hines v. Stuart Cook, Individually and as Sheriff, Hanover County, Gayle W. Figg, Personally and as Personal Representative of the Estate of Thomas Allen Figg, Deceased Robert L. Figg, III John Stuart Figg Martha Figg Williams Wayne Attanasio v. John A. Schroeder, Sergeant Michael J. Anthony, Sergeant, and Thomas C. Land, Individually and in His Official Capacity as Sheriff's Deputy John Does, 1-10, Consisting of Several Unidentified Hanover County Sheriff's Deputies, Individually and in Their Official Capacities as Sheriff's Deputies Winston R. Robertson Douglas R. Hines v. Stuart Cook, Individually and as Sheriff, Hanover County, Gayle W. Figg, Personally and as Personal Representative of the Estate of Thomas Allen Figg, Deceased Robert L. Figg, III John Stuart Figg Martha Figg Williams Wayne Attanasio v. John A. Schroeder, Sergeant Michael J. Anthony, Sergeant Thomas C. Land, Individually and in His Official Capacity as Sheriff's Deputy John Does, 1-10, Consisting of Several Unidentified Hanover County Sheriff's Deputies, Individually and in Their Official Capacities as Sheriff's Deputies Winston R. Robertson Douglas R. Hines v. Stuart Cook, Individually and as Sheriff, Hanover County

2. “If anything is a bedrock principle of our laws, it is that the law treats each of us as an individual. The law cannot abide the notion that a child’s behavior can be sufficient, by itself, to deprive his father of constitutional rights .... [T]he officers essentially ask us to hold that a reasonable officer ... would have believed that a parent loses basic, Fourth Amendment protections in his own home when his children have been charged in a crime. We think it obvious that the officers’ argument cannot be correct.”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the dissent
   e.g. 177 F. Supp. 3d 347 - Pitts v. District of Columbia

3. “whether it was clearly established law [at the time of the incident] that the Fourth Amendment required officers to knock and announce their presence, and wait a reasonable period of time, prior to entering a dwelling”). 10 . The Fourth Circuit has noted that”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
   e.g. 52 F. Supp. 2d 611 - McCall v. Williams