Ross v. Ward’s Empirical Analysis
165 F.3d 793 · 1999
Citation profile
16 federal appellate ·
How this case has been cited
Cited by 41 later decisions — most recently April 2025 · most notably Victor Wayne Hooks v. Ron Ward (1999), Moore v. Gibson (1999)
16 federal appellate ·
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Applies 28 U.S.C. § 2253 (Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996) · 28 U.S.C. § 2254 (Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996)
Relies on Coleman v. Thompson · Caldwell v. Mississippi · Ake v. Oklahoma · Ross v. Oklahoma · Burger v. Kemp
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 41 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“infringed where an appellate court invalidates one of two or more aggravating circumstances found by the jury, but affirms the death sentence after itself finding that the one or more valid remaining aggravating factors outweigh the mitigating evidence.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“[w]e review the district court's legal conclusions de novo and its factual findings under the clearly erroneous standard.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majoritye.g. English v. Cody“the continuing threat aggravator as applied in the Oklahoma sentencing scheme does not violate the Eighth Amendment.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.