State v. Harrington’s Empirical Analysis

Citation profile

5 state decisions

Most-quoted passages

The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 5 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.

1. “an individual's freedom of movement is restrained and the individual would not believe he or she is free to leave or decline a request due to an officer's use of force or display of authority.”

   2 later decisions quote this exact passage
   e.g. State v. Bailey · 162 Wash. App. 1009 - State v. RUEM

2. “`threatening presence of several officers'”

   2 later decisions quote this exact passage
   e.g. State v. Bailey · State v. Johnson

3. “[Officer] Reiber initiated contact with Harrington on a dark street. He asked questions about Harrington's activities and travel that evening and found Harrington's answers suspicious. A second officer arrived at the scene and stood nearby. Reiber asked Harrington to remove his hands from his pockets to control Harrington's actions. Then Reiber asked to frisk, without any "specific and articulable facts" that would create an objectively reasonable belief that Harrington was "armed and presently dangerous." The facts in both Soto-Garcia and this case create an atmosphere of police intrusion, culminating in a request to frisk.”

   1 later decision quote this exact passage
   e.g. 154 Wash. App. 695 - State v. Smith