United States v. Passavant’s Empirical Analysis
169 U.S. 16 · 1898
Citation profile
21 federal appellate · 2 district · 1 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 128 later decisions (10 by the Supreme Court) — most recently January 2020 · most notably United States v. Wm. S. Pitcairn Corp. (1946), G. S. Nicholas & Co. v. United States (1919)
21 federal appellate · 2 district · 1 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Appellate journey
reviewedthe decision below (from Second Circuit Court of Appeals)
Relationships
Relies on Robertson v. Frank Bros. · Muser v. Magone · United States v. Klingenberg · Erhardt v. Schroeder
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 128 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“* * * and the act does not contemplate two prices or two market values.”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority“Sec. 402. VALUE.—(a) For the purposes of this Act, the value of imported merchandise shall be— (1) The foreign value or the export value, whichever is higher; (2) If neither the foreign value nor the export value can be ascertained to the satisfaction of the appraising officers, then the United States value; (3) If neither the foreign value, the export value, nor the United States value can be ascertained to the satisfaction of the appraising officers, then the cost of production; (4) If there be any similar competitive article manufactured or produced in the United States of a class or kind upon which the President has made public a finding as provided in subdivision (b) of section 315 of Title III of this Act, then the American selling price of such article. (b) The foreign value of imported merchandise shall be the market value or the price at the time of exportation of such merchandise to the United States, at which such or similar merchandise is freely offered for sale to all purchasers in the principal markets of the country from which exported, in the usual wholesale quantities and in the ordinary course of trade, including the cost of all containers and coverings of whatever nature, and all other costs, charges, and expenses incident to placing the merchandise in condition, packed ready for shipment to the United States. (c) The export value of imported merchandise shall be the market value or the price, at the time of exportation of such merchandise to the United Sta”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority““While the general rule is that the valuation is conclusive upon all parties, nevertheless the appraisement is subject to be impeached where the appraiser or collector has proceeded on a wrong principle, contrary to law, or has transcended the powers conferred by statute.” 169 U. S. 16 , 21, 18 Sup. Ct. 219 , 42 L. Ed. 644 .”
2 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.