17 Cal. 3d 614 - People v. Richards’s Empirical Analysis
1976
Citation profile
339 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 350 later decisions — most recently May 2014 · most notably 10 Cal. 4th 1114 - People v. Carbajal (1995), 47 Cal. 3d 983 - People v. Edelbacher (1989)
339 state decisions — followed in 10 states
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on 15 Cal. 3d 481 - People v. Lent · 1 Cal. 3d 767 - In Re Bushman · 7 Cal. 3d 756 - People v. Perry · 8 Cal. 3d 106 - People v. Welch · 256 Cal. App. 2d 623 - People v. Dominguez
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 350 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“[T]he criminal justice system is-essentially incapable of determining that a defendant is in fact civilly liable, and if so, to what extent. A judge may infer from a jury verdict of guilt in a theft case that a defendant is liable to the crime victim. But a trial court cannot properly conclude that the defendant owes money to a third party for other unproved or disproved crimes or conduct. A party sued civilly has important due process rights, including appropriate pleadings, discovery, and a right to a trial by jury on the specific issues of liability and damages. The judge in the criminal trial should not be permitted to emasculate those rights by simply declaring his belief that the defendant owes a sum of money.”
9 later decisions quote this exact passage“[r]estitution imposed in a proper case and in an appropriate manner may serve the salutary purpose of making a criminal understand that he has harmed not merely society in the abstract but also individual human beings, and that he has a responsibility to make them whole.”
5 later decisions quote this exact passage“that amends ... be made to society for the breach of the law.”
3 later decisions quote this exact passage · from the dissent
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.