17 Va. App. 140 - Lawrence v. Commonwealth’s Empirical Analysis
1993
Citation profile
26 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 26 later decisions — most recently May 2016 · most notably 39 Va. App. 682 - Barkley v. Commonwealth (2003), 37 Va. App. 299 - Hargraves v. Commonwealth (2002)
26 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Bumper v. North Carolina · Florida v. Jimeno · Immigration & Naturalization Service v. Delgado · Hughey v. United States · Fussell v. Price
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 26 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“voluntary or consensual encounter between a police officer and a citizen does not implicate the Fourth Amendment as long as `a reasonable person would understand that he or she could refuse to cooperate.'”
1 later decision quote this exact passage“[t]he scope of a search may be further defined during the course of the search by the passive acquiescence of the person whose property is being searched”
1 later decision quote this exact passage
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.