United States v. Ozuna’s Empirical Analysis
170 F.3d 654 · 1999
Citation profile
12 federal appellate · 4 state decisions
How this case has been cited
Cited by 28 later decisions — most recently April 2020 · most notably Combs v. Coyle (2000), United States v. Galloway (2003)
12 federal appellate · 4 state decisions
Later decisions citing this case, by decade. The current decade is in progress, and our corpus holds fewer opinions from the most recent years, so the latest bars are undercounted — not a real decline.
Relationships
Relies on Miranda v. State of Arizona Vignera · Berkemer v. McCarty · United States v. Atkinson · Stansbury v. California · Thompson v. Keohane
Most-quoted passages
The sentences later courts lift from this opinion, ranked by how many decisions quote each — the parts of the opinion doing the work. These counts are smaller than the citation total above because most of the 28 citing decisions cite the case generally; a passage count includes only decisions quoting that exact language verbatim.
“A policeman's unarticulated plan has no bearing on the question whether a suspect was 'in custody' at a particular time; the only relevant inquiry is how a reasonable [person] in the suspect's position would have understood his situation.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“[b]ecause [the in custody determination] is an objective inquiry, the subjective beliefs of the interrogating officers or the person being interrogated are irrelevant”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority“[e]ven when probable cause exists to arrest a suspect, Miranda rights do not necessarily attach.”
1 later decision quote this exact passage · from the majority
How this case has been treated — in progress
Whether each later court followed, distinguished, criticized, or overruled this decision. The treatment classification (task #35) runs highest-cited cases first and lights up here as it reaches this one.